Introduction:
Brain Tumor
An improper cell growth inside the brain or its surrounding tissues is called a brain tumor. These tumors can be classified as secondary, indicating that they grow from other parts of the body, or primary, which means they develop in the brain. In addition, they may be dangerous (cancerous) or normal (non-cancerous). A brain tumor's growing pace, location, and variety all impact how it affects the patient.
Types Of Brain Tumor
Brain tumors are classified into several types based on their origin, cell type, and behavior. Here's a breakdown of the main types:
Primary Brain Tumors
These originate in the brain itself or nearby tissues. Gliomas: Tumors that arise from glial cells, which support and protect neurons. Astrocytomas: Arise from astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells. They range from low-grade (slow-growing) to high-grade (fast-growing) tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common and aggressive type.
- Oligodendrogliomas: Originate from oligodendrocytes, which produce the myelin sheath around neurons. These can be low or high-grade.
- Ependymomas: Develop from ependymal cells lining the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord. They can occur in both children and adults.
- Meningiomas: tumors that arise from the meninges, the coverings that protect the brain and spinal cord. Some are harmless, but some might be dangerous depending on their location and size.
- Schwannomas (Neurilemmomas): tumors that arise from Schwann cells, which create the myelin sheath that covers nerves. The most prevalent form is sensory schwannoma (also known as acoustic neuroma), which affects the nerves which control hearing and balance.
- Medulloblastomas: These tumors start in the area known as the cerebellum and can spread to other areas of the brain and spinal cord. They tend to be cancerous. Pineoblastoma: Pineoblastomas are common tumors that develop in the pineal gland and mainly affect children and young adults. They are cancerous.
Secondary (Metastatic) Brain Tumors
These tumors migrate to the brain from other places of the body where cancer previously grew. Typical tumors which spread to the brain are:
- Lung Cancer
- Breast Cancer
- Melanoma
- Kidney Cancer
- Colon Cancer
Also Read - Common Neurological Disorders
Another Kind of Brain Tumor
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL):
It is a unique form of cancer formed in the brain's lymphatic system. It is more prevalent among immunocompromised people.
- Germ Cell Tumors: These tumors, which originate from germ cells, may grow in the brain. Teratomas and germinomas are two such examples. They can be discovered in the pineal gland and other parts of the brain.
- Craniopharyngiomas: These tumors that grow near the pituitary gland and may affect endocrine function and vision. They are more prevalent among young people and kids.
Strange and Unique Tumors
Hemangioblastomas: vascular tumors that commonly appear in the area of the brain or spinal cord. They are more common in people who have von Hippel-Lindau disease. Chordomas:Chordomas are extremely rare, tumors with slow growth that start in the notochord and usually appear near the base of the cranium and along the spine.
Every kind of brain tumor has distinctive features, options for treatment, and prognosis. Treatment and therapy is determined by the type, grade, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall condition.
Whenever is a person usually confirmed to have a Brain Tumor?
Brain tumors are often detected by signs and symptoms, which could involve recurrent headaches, unexplained seizure disorders, issues with vision or hearing, and changes to mental abilities like speech or memory. MRIs and CT scans are two typical imaging tests used by clinicians to verify a diagnosis.
What are the Most Common Solutions For Treatment of Brain Tumors After they are Diagnosed?
Dr. Jasdeep Singh Saini: The kind, location, and size of the tumor are among several factors that affect treatment. The main methods of treatment include of:
Surgery
If the tumor can be surgically removed you can remove it.Surgery for brain tumors is the removal of the tumor using a method of surgery with the goal to remove as much of the tumor as possible while maintaining brain function. This approach can reduce pain and improve prognosis. The extent of removal is decided by the tumor's size, kind, and location. After surgery, other therapies such as radiation or chemotherapy may be needed.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells or shrink tumors.Radiation therapy makes use of high-energy radiation to find and remove cancer cells in brain tumors. It operates by disrupting tumor cells' DNA, keeping them from growing and reproducing. This treatment may decrease tumor size or eliminate cancer cells that continue after surgery. While helpful it may generate negative outcomes such as tiredness and skin irritation, which can be handled by a healthcare provider.
Chemotherapy
Uses chemicals to locate and remove cancer cells.Chemotherapy involves powerful drugs that kill or stop the growth of cancer cells, like those found in brain tumors. It works by targeting quickly dividing cells and reducing their ability to grow. While chemotherapy is helpful, it can also harm healthy cells, resulting in side effects. It is frequently employed in conjunction with other drugs to increase effectiveness and regulate the growth of tumors.
Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapy focuses on particular substances involved in tumor growth, with the goal of avoiding damage to normal cells.Targeted therapy concentrates on particular substances that control cancer cell growth and survival. By concentrating on these chemicals, it aims to disrupt cancer processes while keeping healthy cells intact. Targeted therapy for brain tumors may include medications that disturb tumor-specific systems or frustrate growth signals. This technique gives more precise and successful treatment, with possibly less side effects.
Immunotherapy
Improves the body's immune system to fight tumors.Immunotherapy uses the immune system to select and kill cancer cells, particularly brain tumors. It involves treatments such as checkpoint inhibitors, which increase immunity, and CAR-T cell treatment, which changes patient cells to better combat cancer.
This medication, which can be done alone or in mix with other treatments, offers a big step forward in specific cancer care, with an opportunity for improved results and a longer survival time.
Conclusion
Dr. Jasdeep Singh Saini is the Best Doctor For Brain Tumor Surgery Treatment In Punjab and contributes vital details about brain tumors and treatment options. His field of expertise includes surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Patients and caregivers may make better choices about managing this serious situation if they understand the various kinds of brain tumors and the most recent advances in treatment. Dr. Saini's vast expertise guarantees that people affected obtain optimal care that is customized to their particular requirements, leading to better results and quality of life.